Strategies for conducting online-based physical education research during COVID-19: investigate the lecturer's perception

Purpose The many obstacles and difficulties to carry out research in the field of physical education are the gaps and urgency in this research. This study aims to investigate perceptions from lecturers regarding the conveniences and difficulties when carrying out research in physical education during COVID-19. Material and Methods This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods through online-based in-depth interviews. Five lecturers from two universities in Indonesia and one lecturers from universities in Hungary were willing to participate in this research. The way to select them was by sending an email to their respective universities and only 10 people participated in this study. However, 4 people did not qualify because they did not have 10 years of research experience. All participants signed a consent letter to participate in this study. The interview started with explanation from participants regarding their research experiences, the conveniences and the difficulties faced when carrying out research during pandemic. After the activity was completed, the results of the interviews were collected and then a qualitative statistical analysis was carried out In this study, statistical analysis used thematic method in the form of interviews transcribed word for word.The transcripts were read repeatedly by researchers and three experts, coding and a collection of phrases were arranged into themes. Results The findings of this study indicate that there were several conveniences in carrying out research physical education during the COVID-19 period, including the implementation can be done anywhere and anytime, cost-effective and saving time, data collection is easier and faster. Meanwhile, the difficulties were in obtaining research subjects, subjects who have inadequate technological literacy, poor internet network and inaccurate data. Conclusions Thus, the conveniences and difficulties of carrying out research were important and must be continuously evaluated, in order to ensure the study able to conduct optimally even during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. © Samsudin, Setiawan E, Abdul Gani R, Winarno ME, Anggara Suganda M, Kardiyanto DW, Nemeth Z., 2023.

INCREASING PHYSICAL LITERACY IN PENCAK SILAT ATHLETES: TWO-MONTHS PEER TEACHING MODEL PROGRAM IN COVID-19

Study purpose. This study aims to investigate the effect of the peer teaching model on improving the physical literacy of pencak silat athletes. Materials and methods. This study applied a mixed method. Participants were pencak silat male athletes (n=30) who studied at elementary schools in Cianjur district (Indonesia). Participants were divided into an experimental group (n=15) that carried out the peer teaching model and a control group (n=15) that carried out daily teaching routines without participating in any activities. After implementing the peer teaching model, 15 participants were interviewed about the implementation of peer teaching in school model and the benefits of peer teaching. The quantitative research instrument involved physical literacy-movement competence, cognitive and affective domains. Meanwhile, the qualitative research instrument involved in-depth interviews for 30 minutes. Analysis of quantitative data used IBM SPSS. Analysis of qualitative data used thematic analysis. Results. The quantitative study results showed that there was a significant increase in physical literacy in the experimental group (p<0.05) but there was no increase in the control group (p>0.05). The qualitative study results showed that most of participants gave diverse perceptions and all agreed that the peer teaching model could improve the physical literacy of athletes with poor condition. Conclusions. This study concluded that peer teaching is an alternative teaching that can be used during COVID-19 to improve the physical literacy of pencak silat athletes. © Muzakki, A., Setiawan, E., Winarno, M.E., Gani, R.A., Yanti, N., Syamsudar, B., & Hofmeister, M., 2023.

INCREASING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 THROUGH EXERGAME

Study purpose. The low physical activity and fundamental movement skills of students in the COVID-19 era are gaps in this study. This study aims to exam the effects of exergame on the physical activity and fundamental movement skills of students during the COVID-19 era. Materials and methods. Quantitative research with experimental methods was used in this study. The subjects of this study came from students at primary schools 1 and 2 in Karawang (n = 120). Subjects from primary school 1 Karawang entered the experimental group (n = 60), namely getting treatment in the form of exergame, and subjects from primary school 2 Karawang were included in the control group (n = 60) who did not receive any treatment and only carried out physical education learning activities. The intervention program was carried out for seven weeks. To measure the physical activity of the students, the ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometer was used, and the fundamental movement skills of the children were assessed using the TGMD-3. Results. The results showed that the implementation of exergame was proven to significantly improve physical activity (p < 0.05) and the same results show that exergame has a significant effect on fundamental movement skills (p < 0.05). However, there was no increase in physical activity and fundamental movement skills in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions. This research is evidence that exergame is an effective tool to improve physical activity and fundamental movement skills students during the COVID-19 era. © Samsudin, Gani, R.A., Setiawan, E., Németh, Z., Kardiyanto, D.W., & Winarno, M.E., 2022.

THE EFFECT OF MOVEMENT GAMES ON THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL FITNESS AND MENTAL HEALTH OF STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: MIXED METHOD

Study purpose. This study aims to investigate the effects of movement games as an effort to increase the level of physical fitness and mental health of students with disabilities during COVID-19. Materials and methods. This study adopted a mixed method. The participants involved in this study were students with disabilities who came from two special schools students with disabilities in Karawang Regency, Indonesia (n=40). Participants were divided into an experimental group who carried out a movement game program (n=20) and a control group (n=20) who followed routine learning without participating in any activities. After implementing the movement game program, 20 participants were interviewed about the experiences, advantages and disadvantages of the movement game program. Quantitative research instruments used muscular strength, muscular endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Meanwhile, the qualitative research instrument used in-depth interviews for 30 minutes. Analysis of quantitative data used IBM SPSS, and analysis of qualitative data used thematic analysis. Results. The quantitative study results showed that there was a significant increase in the level of physical fitness and mental health in the experimental group (p<0.05), and no increase was found in the control group (p>0.05). In addition, the qualitative study results showed that the majority of participants acknowledged that the movement game program was a fun method of education and had a positive effectiveness. Conclusions. After carrying out this research, we confirm that the movement game activity is an education method that has a great effect on the increase in the physical fitness level and mental health of students with disabilities during COVID-19. © Dimyati, A., Setiawan, E., Dewi, R.K., Meirizal, Y., Gani, R.A., Saputro, Y.D., Satrianingsih, B., Winarno, M.E., Németh, Z., 2022.

Culture of movement awareness through physical literacy integrated in physical education, physical activity and sport during COVID-19: systematic literature review

Purpose: A culture of movement awareness through physical literacy in physical education, physical activity and sports is a core aspect that must be promoted continually during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to conduct a literature review regarding the importance of a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy in physical education, physical activity and sports. Material and Methods: This study used a Systematic Literature Review with Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analytic method. There was 4 Stages in collecting data using a database search, namely through Sage Pub, Eric, Pubmed and Sciencedirect. This study adopted 7 international journal articles indexed by Scopus Q1. Results: The results of this study found that a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy which was integrated into physical education, physical activity and sports had a major contribution in creating active participation to lead a healthy life during the pandemic. Conclusions: Therefore, maintaining and increasing a culture of movement awareness through physical literacy during the COVID-19 period in various settings is the key in maintaining the health status of people around the world. © Gani RA, Setiawan E, Gazali N, Németh Z, Achmad IZ, Septiadi F, Haryanto J., 2022.

3D Visualization for Lung Surface Images of Covid-19 Patients based on U-Net CNN Segmentation

The Covid-19 infection challenges medical staff to make rapid diagnoses of patients. In just a few days, the Covid-19 virus infection could affect the performance of the lungs. On the other hand, semantic segmentation using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on Lung CT-scan images had attracted the attention of researchers for several years, even before the Covid-19 pandemic. Ground Glass Opacity (GGO), in the form of white patches caused by Covid-19 infection, is detected inside the patient's lung area and occasionally at the edge of the lung, but no research has specifically paid attention to the edges of the lungs. This study proposes to display a 3D visualization of the lung surface of Covid-19 patients based on CT-scan image segmentation using U-Net architecture with a training dataset from typical lung images. Then the resulting CNN model is used to segment the lungs of Covid-19 patients. The segmentation results are selected as some slices to be reconstructed into a 3D lung shape and displayed in 3D animation. Visualizing the results of this segmentation can help medical staff diagnose the lungs of Covid-19 patients, especially on the surface of the lungs of patients with GGO at the edges. From the lung segmentation experiment results on ten patients in the Zenodo dataset, we have a Mean-IoU score = of 76.86%, while the visualization results show that 7 out of 10 patients (70%) have eroded lung surfaces. It can be seen clearly through 3D visualization.

AUGMENTED POKEMON GO IN TIMES OF COVID-19: DOES IT HAVE ANY EFFECT ON PROMOTING TEENAGERS' PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?

Study purpose. One of the main problems during the COVID-19 pandemic that needs to be considered is the decline in physical activity carried out by teenagers. The overall objective of this mixed method is to investigate the effects of the Pokemon Go intervention program to promote physical activity in teenagers during the COVID-19 crisis. Materials and methods. This study was conducted through a mixed method approach. 94 teenagers in grades 10-12 from three high schools agreed to participate in this study. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, namely in the Pokemon Go intervention program group (N = 47) and a control group that did not get any physical activity (N = 47). The Pokemon Go intervention program was carried out for 7 weeks with an intensity of 3 times a week in physical education classes. After carrying out the Pokemon Go intervention program, the forty-seven subjects were interviewed. The quantitative instrument used to measure the physical activity level was IPAQ, while the qualitative instrument used in-depth interviews. Results. The quantitative and qualitative (mixed) research confirms that the Pokemon Go intervention program showed to positively promote PA levels in teenagers to higher levels in the current COVID-19 crisis. The results of this study are in line with the previous studies which explained that Pokemon Go is an augmented reality game that requires players to travel to various locations in the real world where distances are relatively far. Conclusions. Teenagers with the status of players, ex-players and non-players experienced a significant increase in physical activity level after participating the Pokemon Go intervention program for 7 weeks, and the majority of subjects considered that Pokemon Go had a positive effect to promote physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. After implementing the Pokemon Go intervention program for 7 weeks, the results of our study confirm that the physical activity levels of teenagers have gradually increased during the COVID-19. © Authors 2022.

TRADITIONAL SPORT MODEL TO IMPROVE FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS AND SOCIAL ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS DURING COVID-19

The study purpose. COVID-19 caused many negative impacts, including a significant decrease in the fundamental movement skills and social attitudes among students, which becomes the main problem in this study. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of traditional sport on improving students' fundamental movement skills and social attitudes. Materials and methods. This study adopted an experimental method with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects were elementary school students in Yogyakarta city and they were selected using random sampling (n = 30). The traditional sports program was carried out for 7 weeks with once-a-week meetings. The instrument for assessing students' fundamental movement skills was using a gross motor development test and social attitudes were assessed using the questionnaire of Physical Education Activity Attitude. Shapiro-Wilk was used to test the normality of the data, while the Paired Sample t-test was used to assess differences in the values of students' fundamental movement skills and social attitudes before and after the program. Results. The results of this study indicate that traditional sports have a significant effect on improving fundamental movement skills (p < 0.05) and social attitudes (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Thus, traditional sports programs can be used as an alternative activity that can be used by physical education teachers during the COVID-19 crisis. © Mujriah, Siswantoyo, Sukoco, P., Rosa, F.O., Susanto, E., & Setiawan, E., 2022.

Lung Segmentation using MultiResUNet CNN based on Computed Tomography Image

Lung segmentation is the first step in medical image processing to determine various lung diseases. Currently, the image segmentation process will be more optimal by using deep learning through the convolution process. Various Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based architectures for image segmentation were created by many researchers, however U-Net is the current state of the art for medical image segmentation. Nevertheless, the modification of U-Net continues, and MultiResUNet is one of the new architectures claimed to be better. In this study, we use MultiResUNet for lung segmentation on Computed Tomography (CT) images as the first step to Covid-19 infection segmentation, and the results will be compared using the U-Net architecture. Based on the results of the segmentation experiment, we got satisfactory results. Using the Mean-IoU evaluation metric, it was concluded that the MultiResUNet score was slightly better than the U-Net score for patient lung segmentation, where there was an increase in the score of 1.33% (MultiResUNet=93.05%, U-Net=91.83%) in the dataset which we use. © 2022 IEEE.

CONFIDENCE, ACADEMIC STRESS, COPING STRATEGIES AS PREDICTORS OF STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES DURING COVID-19

Research purpose. In this COVID-19 pandemic era, the psychological aspect takes an important role in achieving optimal academic results among students, but the factors that correlate with academic achievement are not yet known accurately. Thus, this study aims to assess the relationship between self-confidence, academic stress, coping strategies and academic achievement. Materials and methods. This study used a correlation method with subjects from among students in grades 7 to 9 at Ibtidaiyah Junior High School (N = 90). The instrument used in this study was a self-confidence, academic stress and coping strategy questionnaire, while the average score for the final semester examination was used as an indicator that showed progress of student academic achievement. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS to find out descriptive statistics, data normality. Meanwhile, bivariate correlation and regression analysis were used to test the relationship between variables. The following conclusions can be drawn from this study. Results. First, self-confidence was related to academic achievement, second, academic stress was related to academic achievement, and third, the coping strategy was related to academic achievement. Conclusions. Thus, to obtain high academic achievement in physical education classes, contribution from self-confidence, academic stress and coping strategies are highly needed. The findings from this study make several contributions to the development of science in the physical education field in terms of psychology to improve student academic achievement. © 2022 Teoria ta Metodika Fizicnogo Vihovanna

Optimization and Integration of Renewable Energy Sources with Regional Tourism Potentials to Improve the Welfare of Local Communities

Indonesia is a country with a tropical climate and has tens of thousands of islands. One of the challenges is that archipelagic countries generally have limited local resources and high energy import costs. Renewable energy technologies in most islands are often not running and are unsustainable due to the many problems involved, one of which is the lack of clarity on management and generating assets. As a result, power plants generally only run for a short time and do not provide electrical energy for the community. In addition to the unavailability of electricity, the COVID-19 virus certainly also affects activities, especially people who rely heavily on the tourism sector as their main livelihood. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how an island could survive in this force majeure situation, both from the sustainability of renewable energy and the tourism sector. This research aims to explain what factors affect the sustainability of renewable energy in supplying electricity to the community in the long term and will present the interrelation between the tourism sector and the presence of renewable energy technology. The method used is an in-depth interview and questionnaire with a Likert scale. The research was conducted on the island of Mecan and the obtained data were simulated in the form of CLD (Causal Loop Diagram). The results indicate that renewable energy sustainability on Mecan Island has made access to electricity available throughout the day and has improved the welfare of residents.

Online Learning for Children with Disabilities During the COVID-19: Investigating Parents' Perceptions

This research aims to investigate perceptions from parents who have children with disabilities about online physical education classes during COVID-19. The characteristic of this research was qualitative through interviews towards 36 parents of children with disabilities from 2 provinces in Indonesia that prepared to participate in this research. Data analysis by using thematic analysis of qualitative data, including: (a) Interviews. (b) The transcribed interviews was read repeatedly by the author. (c) Given labeled. (d) Data were sorted based on categorization, coding, and highlighting. (e) A collection of similar phrases. (f) Examining. (g) Arranging the data. (h). Share themes. The study results found three main themes, namely: instructional of models learning, technical and motivational obstacles to online learning, and the advantage of online learning. In general, according to parents' perception, the success of online physical education learning during COVID-19 is determined by the participation and support from all parties including central and local governments, teachers, and parents. This study contributes to recent literature concerning physical education learning through online during COVID-19.

Investigating lecturers' perceptions of the performance of computer-based and paper pencils-based for assessing sports training program during covid-19

The lack of information regarding exercise program assessment tools during the COVID-19 pandemic was the main gap in this research. The purpose of this study was to investigate lecturers' perceptions of computer-based and paper pencil-based performance to assess sports training programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, a combination of quantitative and qualitative (mixed) is used as a method. Participants in this study were male and female lecturers from Jakarta State University (N=15) and Sriwijaya University (N=10). Quantitative instruments use questionnaires and qualitative instruments use in-depth interviews with participants. Quantitative data analysis use the IBM SPSS version 25.0 to find descriptive data, namely mean, standard deviation and percentage of responses from participation. Meanwhile, qualitative data analysis use qualitative thematic data. The results of the study based on quantitative data found that the majority of lecturers strongly agreed to use computer-based instead of paper pencil-based to assess sports training programs. Meanwhile, research results based on qualitative data show that most lecturers favour computer-based over paper pencil-based during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, computer-based has better performance and advantages than paper pencil-based when used in the pandemic era. This research provides benefits for the development of science assessment tools in the field of sports. © 2021 by authors, all rights reserved.

Online learning and platforms favored in physical education class during COVID-19 era: Exploring student' perceptions

The current COVID-19 pandemic becomes a problem for education, especially in the physical education learning process at the university level. The aim of this study is explore students' perceptions of online learning and preferred platforms in physical education classes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method in this research was a qualitative exploratory study by interview. There were as many as 60 students became the sample from Suryakancana and Halu Oleo University. Data collection is done by interviews to find out student perceptions about the online learning and preferred platforms in physical education classes. The results of this study showed the different perceptions of students regarding online learning and platform favored in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, from those who consider online learning to be very helpful and some are highlighting the obstacles faced when implementing online learning. Overall, students' perceptions consider online learning very important in the current era of COVID-19, and the majority of the platforms that students like the most are Zoom Meetings. The contribution of this research can provide information to teachers and lecturers about online learning and platforms that can be used in physical education classes, so that later learning outcomes from students can be achieved more optimally. © 2021 by authors, all rights reserved.

DO FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ENJOYMENT AMONG INACTIVE STUDENT DURING THE COVID-19 ERA IMPROVE AFTER EXERGAME?

The low fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment students in the COVID-19 era are gaps in this study. This study aims to examine the effects of exergame on fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in among inactive students during the COVID-19 era. Quantitative research with experimental methods was used in this study. There were 26 children allocated to the exergame group (n=13;age: 7.20±1.30 years;height: 1.38±2.38 cm;weight: 31.60±4.50 kg and a control group n=13;age: 7.40±1.14 years;height: 1.36±3.08 cm;weight: 28.40±3.43 kg). The intervention program was conducted for nine weeks. Fundamental movement skills children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition and physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometer, while enjoyment was assessed using the physical education curriculum enjoyment scale. The results showed that the implementation of exergame was proven to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment significantly, however there was no increase in the control group. This research is evidence that exergame is an effective tool to improve fundamental movement skills, physical activity and enjoyment in students during the COVID-19 era. © 2022 Universidade Estadual de Maringa. All rights reserved.